Opponents as character foils
I haven't watched Samurai Champloo in a hot a minute so I might be talking nonsense. But here we go.
The ogre dude - The one that is ugly. He could loosely be a foil to Mugen, as that's who he fights. Mugen isn't ugly, but he has an intimidating and wild look about him. Fuu is not scared of men based on their appearances.
The chi guy - Another foil to Mugen. Both rebellious, looking for tough opponents, and uses unorthodox fighting techniques.
The crossbow mister - A foil to both Mugen and Jin. Both main characters have lost people in the past. For Mugen that's his pirate gang betraying him, and for Jin that's his dojo master and classmates. Crossbow mister lost his family and whole village, so he is even more of a ghost than the other two.
The blind woman - Mugen and Jin are both strong opponents because they had to fend for their own survival alone. To be more desperate than to protect your own life must be to protect the life of your son, which makes the blind woman a superior fighter. Until she learns her son isn't actually alive.
The crazy boy - The dude in the finale that Mugen fights on the boat. He is a pure animal, way more than Mugen is.
The hat samurai - Man is a master of kenjutsu. He is a foil to Jin in terms of discipline.